Forty Christmas and winter questions for the dinner table, the car, or the
long wait before presents. They're split into an easier round for kindergarten through
2nd grade and a harder one for 3rd through 5th. Tap "Answer" to check.
I've mixed in a little science, math, reading and Spanish, because those are the
subjects my kids are working on anyway. After the questions there are a few notes from
the research on how to make trivia stick, if you're curious. If you're not, the
questions are all you need.
40 questions with answers: an easier round for K–2 and a harder one for 3–5.
A mix of stories, animals, science, math, Spanish and other winter holidays.
Let kids guess before you reveal, and ask a few again next week. Research suggests both help it stick.
Easier round (K–2)
Christmas stories and songs
What color is Rudolph's nose?
AnswerRed.
In the song, what does Frosty the Snowman find that brings him to life?
AnswerAn old silk hat.
In How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, what is the name of the Grinch's dog?
AnswerMax.
How many sizes did the Grinch's heart grow?
AnswerThree.
What month is Christmas in?
AnswerDecember. Christmas Day is December 25.
Where does Santa live, according to the stories?
AnswerThe North Pole.
Animals in winter
What do you call a baby reindeer?
AnswerA calf.
Do polar bears and penguins live in the same place?
AnswerNo. Polar bears live in the far north, around the
Arctic. Almost all penguins live in the southern half of the world. They never meet in
the wild.
Which grows antlers on reindeer: the boys, the girls, or both?
AnswerBoth! Reindeer are the only kind of deer where the
females grow antlers too.
What color does the Arctic fox's fur turn in winter?
AnswerWhite, so it blends in with the snow.
Snow and cold
How many sides or points does a snowflake have?
AnswerSix.
What is snow made of?
AnswerTiny ice crystals, which is frozen water.
What happens to a snowman when the sun comes out and it gets warm?
AnswerIt melts and turns back into water.
Counting
Santa's sleigh has 8 reindeer, plus Rudolph in front. How many reindeer is that?
Answer9.
You hang 3 stockings and your grandma brings 2 more. How many stockings now?
Answer5.
There are 10 cookies on the plate for Santa. He eats 4. How many are left?
Answer6.
Spanish
"Feliz Navidad" is Spanish for what?
AnswerMerry Christmas.
What is the Spanish word for snow: nieve, sol or agua?
AnswerNieve. (Sol is sun and
agua is water.)
Harder round (3–5)
History and stories
Name as many of Santa's eight reindeer from "'Twas the Night Before Christmas" as you
can.
AnswerDasher, Dancer, Prancer, Vixen, Comet, Cupid, Donder
(sometimes spelled Donner) and Blitzen.
"'Twas the Night Before Christmas" was first published in 1823. What was its real
title?
Answer"A Visit from St. Nicholas."
Rudolph wasn't in the original poem. He was invented in 1939 for what?
AnswerA free booklet handed out at a department store,
Montgomery Ward. Robert L. May wrote it. The song came about ten years
later.
Who wrote How the Grinch Stole Christmas!?
AnswerDr. Seuss, in 1957.
Which country is usually credited with starting the tradition of bringing a
Christmas tree indoors?
AnswerGermany.
The poinsettia, the red holiday plant, first grew wild in which country?
AnswerMexico. In Spanish it's often called flor de
Nochebuena, the Christmas Eve flower.
In December 1965, two astronauts played a Christmas song in space on a harmonica and
bells. Which song?
Answer"Jingle Bells." It was on the Gemini 6
mission.
Science
Why is it cold in winter? Is it because Earth is farther from the sun?
AnswerNo! It's because Earth is tilted. In winter, your
half of the planet leans away from the sun, so sunlight hits it at a low angle and
the days are shorter. Earth is actually closest to the sun in early
January.
What is the shortest day of the year called, and when is it?
AnswerThe winter solstice, around December 21 in the
northern half of the world.
Snow looks white, but what color is a single ice crystal?
AnswerClear. Snow looks white because all those
crystals bounce light around in every direction.
At what temperature does water freeze, in Fahrenheit and in Celsius?
Answer32°F, which is 0°C.
Is there land at the North Pole?
AnswerNo. The North Pole sits in the middle of the Arctic
Ocean, on ice that floats on the water. (The South Pole is on land, in
Antarctica.)
In North America, reindeer have another name. What is it?
AnswerCaribou. They're the same species.
Math
Santa has 9 reindeer. How many reindeer legs is that?
Answer36 (9 × 4).
In "The Twelve Days of Christmas," on the third day you get 3 French hens, 2 turtle
doves and a partridge. How many gifts is that on day three?
Answer6 (3 + 2 + 1).
How many gifts do you get on the twelfth day alone?
Answer78. That's 12 + 11 + 10 + … + 1. A shortcut: pair
12 with 1, 11 with 2, and so on. That makes 6 pairs of 13.
Super-hard bonus: add up every gift from all twelve days. How many in total?
Answer364. Almost one for every day of the
year.
Spanish
What does invierno mean?
AnswerWinter.
How do you say "Happy New Year" in Spanish?
AnswerFeliz Año Nuevo.
Other winter holidays
How many nights is Hanukkah?
AnswerEight.
Kwanzaa starts the day after Christmas. How many days does it last?
AnswerSeven, from December 26 to January 1.
On the Lunar New Year, many families give children red envelopes. What's usually
inside?
AnswerMoney, for good luck in the new year.
A few things I read about making trivia stick
I'm a software engineer, so when something works I want to know why. Family trivia
turns out to line up with some of the best-supported ideas in learning research. Here's
what I found, and where it's thinner than I'd like.
Guessing first is the point. Trying to pull an answer out of your head
helps you remember it later, more than reading it again does. Psychologists call this
retrieval practice. The classic study was on college students
(Roediger & Karpicke,
2006). A smaller one found the same thing with kids around 10 years old
(Karpicke, Blunt & Smith,
2016). So it's worth letting your kid sit with a question for a few seconds before
anyone blurts out the answer.
Saying the answer beats picking it. A big review found that
producing an answer helps memory more than recognizing it in a list
(Rowland, 2014). That's why I wrote most of
these as open questions rather than multiple choice. Most of that research was on
adults, though.
Come back to it next week. Practice spread out over days is
remembered better than the same practice crammed into one sitting. That's been shown with
5- to 7-year-olds learning science
(Vlach & Sandhofer,
2012) and with fifth graders learning vocabulary
(Sobel, Cepeda & Kapler, 2011). Both
were small studies. Still, asking the reindeer question again on Christmas Eve costs
nothing.
You probably don't need prizes. This one surprised me. A large review
of experiments found that promised, tangible rewards for doing something tended to make
kids less interested in doing it for its own sake. Specific, honest praise
tended to help (Deci, Koestner &
Ryan, 1999). In the same spirit, praise the guessing and the trying, not "you're so
smart" (Mueller & Dweck,
1998). Those effects turned out smaller in later research, but it's an easy habit.
Take turns being the quizmaster. I don't have a study for this one,
just what I care about. Reading the questions, waiting for a little brother to think, and
being a good sport about getting one wrong are all practice at the social stuff I want my
kids to have. Older kids can read the harder round to younger ones.
None of this was tested on Christmas trivia specifically. It's just the closest
evidence I could find for why a quiz game at the dinner table might do more than pass
the time.
If your kids want more questions after the holidays, Super Trivia
Kids has grade-level math, reading, spelling, science and Spanish. You play it
together, taking turns on one device.
About this article. I'm a parent and a software engineer, not a
researcher or teacher. I checked each answer above before publishing. The tips on making
trivia stick come from the published studies listed below, each linked to the original
paper so you can check my reading of it. If you spot a mistake, tell me through the
support page and I'll fix it.
Sources
Roediger, H. L., & Karpicke, J. D. (2006). Test-enhanced learning: Taking memory
tests improves long-term retention. Psychological Science, 17(3), 249–255.
doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01693.x
Karpicke, J. D., Blunt, J. R., & Smith, M. A. (2016). Retrieval-based learning:
Positive effects of retrieval practice in elementary school children. Frontiers in
Psychology, 7, 350.
doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00350
Rowland, C. A. (2014). The effect of testing versus restudy on retention: A
meta-analytic review of the testing effect. Psychological Bulletin, 140(6),
1432–1463. doi.org/10.1037/a0037559
Vlach, H. A., & Sandhofer, C. M. (2012). Distributing learning over time: The
spacing effect in children's acquisition and generalization of science concepts.
Child Development, 83(4), 1137–1144.
doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01781.x
Sobel, H. S., Cepeda, N. J., & Kapler, I. V. (2011). Spacing effects in
real-world classroom vocabulary learning. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 25(5),
763–767. doi.org/10.1002/acp.1747
Deci, E. L., Koestner, R., & Ryan, R. M. (1999). A meta-analytic review of
experiments examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation.
Psychological Bulletin, 125(6), 627–668.
doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.125.6.627
Mueller, C. M., & Dweck, C. S. (1998). Praise for intelligence can undermine
children's motivation and performance. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 75(1), 33–52.
doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.75.1.33